Gertrude of Shakespeare’s Hamlet Essay -- Character of Gertrude

The Gertrude of Shakespeares Ham allow Is Gertrude, in the Shakespearean drama juncture, a bore? A killers accomplice? The perfect queen? A dummy? This paper will answer many questions concerning Claudius partner on the Danish throne. In her essay, Acts III and IV Problems of Text and Staging, Ruth Nevo explains how the heros negative outlook toward Gertrude influences his attitude toward Ophelia Whereas it is precisely his total inability to agnise her Ophelia, or for that matter himself, that the scene, in this theatrically simpler view, would allow us to perceive as the center of his anguish. He is tormented precisely by doubts, not by confirmations. And how indeed should he know what Ophelia is? Is she loving and faithful to him despite parental authority? Or compliant to the latter and therefore false to him? What has she been told about him? Is he not testing her with his hyperbolic declaration I am very proud, revengeful, ambitious with more offenses at my back than I h ave thoughts to put them in, caprice to give them shape, or time to act them in? His mother has predisposed him to believe in womens perfidy, has produced in him a revulsion from enkindle and the stratagems of sex he was unable to draw Ophelias face by his perusal she has refused his letters and denied him access now returns his gifts. What form of devious double-dealing shall he transport? (49-50) At the outset of the tragedy Hamlet appears dressed in solemn black. His mother, Gertrude, is apparently disturbed by this and requests of him Good Hamlet, cast thy nighted colour off, And let thine eye look like a friend on Denmark. Do not for ever with thy vailed... ...loom. New York Chelsea House Publishers, 1986. Rpt. from Tragic Form in Shakespeare. N.p. Princeton University Press, 1972. Pitt, Angela. Women in Shakespeares Tragedies. Readings on The Tragedies. Ed. Clarice Swisher. San Diego Greenhaven Press, 1996. Excerpted from Shakespeares Women. N.p. n.p., 1981. Shakes peare, William. The Tragedy of Hamlet, Prince of Denmark. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. 1995. http//www.chemicool.com/Shakespeare/hamlet/full.html Smith, Rebecca. Gertrude Scheming Adulteress or Loving Mother? Readings on Hamlet. Ed. Don Nardo. San Diego Greenhaven Press, 1999. Rpt. of Hamlet A Users Guide. New York Limelight Editions, 1996. Wilkie, Brian and James Hurt. Shakespeare. Literature of the Western World. Ed. Brian Wilkie and James Hurt. New York Macmillan Publishing Co., 1992.

History of the Computer :: Technology

History of the ComputerThe Analytical and Difference Engines (1835-1869) The English mathematician Charles Babbage (1792-1871) never got to build his invention, save his design had an uncanny resemblance to the newfangled figurer. Ada Lovelace, Lord Byrons daughter, wrote eloquently about the device and was historys first programmer.The ABC (Atanasoff Berry Computer) (1938) John Atanasoff and Clifford Berry knowing the first electronic digital electronic computer at Iowa State, and urged the university to patent their design. Nothing was ever d 1 and millions in potential royalties were lost. The project was abandoned in 1942 without building the computer.The ENIAC (Electronic Numerical Integrator and Calculator) (1946) was built at the University of Pennsylvania by John W. Mauchly and J. Presper Eckert. Recognized as the first operational electronic computer, it could perform 5,000 additions per second, weighed 30 tons, and required 1,500 square feet of floor space.UNIVAC I (U niversal railway car-controlled Computer) (1951) The worlds first commercial computer (a total of 15 were sold) gained public recognition when it was used by CBS to predict Eisenhowers 1952 presidential election. The original UNIVAC was officially retired on October 3, 1963, afterwards 73,000 hours of operation, and is now on display at the Smithsonian Institution.The IBM 360 (1964) The 360 series pioneered the concept of upward compatibility whereby a user could upgrade from one computer to the next without having to reprogram existing applications. The political machine was viewed as an enormous financial gamble, but paid off handsomely as it gave IBM a dominance in mainframes which it has never relinquished.Altair 8800 (1975) The January 1975 issue of Popular Electronics have the Altair 8800 on its cover the first personal computer and a machine that the hobbyist could build from a kit. 2000 adventurous readers displace in their orders (sight unseen) for a kit that be $439. The Altair had no keyboard or monitor and no available software and was programmed by switches on the front panel.Apple II (1977) The Apple Il was a richly assembled home computer in an attractive case, complete with keyboard, connection to a TV screen, color, memory to 64Kb, and BASIC interpreter. The machine was to launch the personal computer whirling and vault its founders, Steve Wozniak and Steve Jobs, from garage to glory. IBM PC (1981) IBM was neither first nor technologically innovative, but their announcement put the personal computer on the desks of Americas business people, just as Apple had put the computer in the home.History of the Computer TechnologyHistory of the ComputerThe Analytical and Difference Engines (1835-1869) The English mathematician Charles Babbage (1792-1871) never got to build his invention, but his design had an uncanny resemblance to the modern computer. Ada Lovelace, Lord Byrons daughter, wrote eloquently about the device and was historys firs t programmer.The ABC (Atanasoff Berry Computer) (1938) John Atanasoff and Clifford Berry designed the first electronic digital computer at Iowa State, and urged the university to patent their design. Nothing was ever done and millions in potential royalties were lost. The project was abandoned in 1942 without building the computer.The ENIAC (Electronic Numerical Integrator and Calculator) (1946) was built at the University of Pennsylvania by John W. Mauchly and J. Presper Eckert. Recognized as the first operational electronic computer, it could perform 5,000 additions per second, weighed 30 tons, and required 1,500 square feet of floor space.UNIVAC I (Universal Automatic Computer) (1951) The worlds first commercial computer (a total of 15 were sold) gained public recognition when it was used by CBS to predict Eisenhowers 1952 presidential election. The original UNIVAC was officially retired on October 3, 1963, after 73,000 hours of operation, and is now on display at the Smithsonian Institution.The IBM 360 (1964) The 360 series pioneered the concept of upward compatibility whereby a user could upgrade from one computer to the next without having to reprogram existing applications. The machine was viewed as an enormous financial gamble, but paid off handsomely as it gave IBM a dominance in mainframes which it has never relinquished.Altair 8800 (1975) The January 1975 issue of Popular Electronics featured the Altair 8800 on its cover the first personal computer and a machine that the hobbyist could build from a kit. 2000 adventurous readers sent in their orders (sight unseen) for a kit that cost $439. The Altair had no keyboard or monitor and no available software and was programmed by switches on the front panel.Apple II (1977) The Apple Il was a fully assembled home computer in an attractive case, complete with keyboard, connection to a TV screen, color, memory to 64Kb, and BASIC interpreter. The machine was to launch the personal computer revolution and vault its founders, Steve Wozniak and Steve Jobs, from garage to glory. IBM PC (1981) IBM was neither first nor technologically innovative, but their announcement put the personal computer on the desks of Americas business people, just as Apple had put the computer in the home.

progressive america :: essays research papers

Progressive America?The early 1900s can also be referred as the progressive movement because of the many reforms and improvements that occurred during the era. 2005 is much analogous the foregoing progressive movements and can be classified as a progressive era. 3 out of the 4 goals of progressivism argon being practiced during the 21st century. loving welf are, economic reform, and moral improvements are still being practiced to discipline to improve the quality and fairness of life in the U.S. Social welfare improvements are occurring right now to try and better our country as a whole. Bushs new plan calls for standardized examen and education reforms to try and improve literacy in the U.S. much like during the 1900s when womans groups were fighting for better education standards in schools. In fact standardized testing was first suggested in the early 1900s to try and improve schools. Many in the 1900s were advocates for peasant protection such as Florence Kelly who helped establish child labor laws and set up schools. In the progressive issue we first saw the salvation army and attempts to try and improve living conditions for many Americans, groups like the YMCA help build safe communities to remark kids out of trouble. In 2005 Bush recently tried to improve poverty by modernizing social security to intimidate retirees from going broke. Bush also plans to update Medicare provide tax relief to those who need it. Just like in the early 1900s aid groups are on the rise and have broadened there boundaries to help more people (doctors without borders, red cross, operation smile). During the era we witnessed a climb in the birth of many of these groups but in 2005 we are seeing a rapid increase in the number of non-profit organizations much like those simpler ones we saw in the past. The need to keep children safe has also sprung to life again as it did in the progressive era the need for children to stay of the streets as fueled many people to subjec t/found teen centers and other hangouts where kids can be under adult supervision.Economic reform was and is very important to the survival of this country during the progressive period and directly indicates that 2005 is a progressive era. During the progressive era economic improvements was basically just revealing corrupt companies and trying to give the workers more rights and powers.

Alcoholism and The Human Body Essay -- Addiction to Alcohol

Alcoholism a struggle in life where around the world some people must deal with every day. What is addiction and how does it affect the body? Although defined in many ways, it is believed by some that addiction is a complaint of the brain that can cause a dependence upon or a continuing, compelling need to use a habit-forming substance despite toxic consequences and may also be characterized by the increasing need for more of the substance or activity in order to obtain the same effect. umteen changes take place within a body that consumes high doses of alcohol which can sometimes have long lasting, permanent, or even detrimental effects. some(prenominal) research studies on the topic of alcoholism continue to be performed as a means to benefit society as a whole and to snap off help for those individuals and families who are in desperate need. In order for the proper assistance to be developed for those with a need for treatment there is much that needs to be understood about the disease of alcoholism at its most basic level, the cellular level. This is quite a task to be trustworthy since we are all human beings and with much the same physiology, however, because of the subtle yet various differences in each of our bodys chemistry, as well as our social environments, this can make treatment that one person receives very different from the treatment of another. Therefore, determining the best possible treatments can be a challenge which is where research plays a very important part. The following choices of articles call attention to a few different kinds of detailed research and their discoveries made about alcoholism and its affect on the human body. It is this kind of information which allows physicians to come up with the best possible t... ...96. American Psychological Association, 1089-2680/10/$12.00. inside 10.1037/a0021526.Kiefer, F., & Mann, K. (2005). in the raw achievements and pharmacotherapeutic approaches in the treatment of alcohol dependence. European Journal of Pharmacology, 526(1-3), 163171.Schwabe, L., Dickinson, A., & Wolf, O. T. (2011). Stress, habits, and drug addiction A psychoneuroendocrinological perspective. Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology, 19(1), 5363. American Psychological Association, 1064-1297/11/$12.00. doi 10.1037/a0022212 .Tomberg, C. (2010). Alcohol pathophysiology Circuits and molecular mechanisms. Journal of Psychophysiology, 24(4), 215230. doi 10.1027/0269-8803/a000035.Tomberg, C. (2010). Categories of alcohol consumers Definitions and criteria of alcohol addiction. Journal of Psychophysiology, 24(4), 213214. doi 10.1027/0269-8803/a000034.

James Buchanan :: essays research papers

James BuchananOn April 23, 1791, a great man was born fifteenth president of the fall in States, James Buchanan.He was born near Mercersburg, Pennsylvania. His father, James Buchanan, and his mother Elizabeth Speer Buchanan, raised their son a Presbyterian. He grew up in a well to do home, organism the eldest of eleven other siblings. His parents cared for them all in their mansion in Pennsylvania. They sent him to Dickinson College. Buchanan graduated in 1809, was admitted to the bar in 1812, and then moved to Lancaster to treated up his law practice. His political career was initiated in 1814 with his election to the Pennsylvania House of Representatives in 1821 he began his first five elective terms in the House of Representatives. President Andrew Jackson appointed James Minister to Russia, upon his return in 1834. Buchanan was in the service of the United States Senate for a decade, and then became a escritoire under James K. Polk, and as President Pierce s minister to Great Britain. During this Foreign Service, Buchanans name was mentioned as the Democratic Partys for the 1856 Presidential Election. Buchanan had strived for this election in the three previous elections it had seemed to pass over him. But by 1856, Buchanan was ready to retire from public service and only recognised the nomination out of duty and obligation. Buchanan didnt actively campaign for the presidency, but instead remained quietly at home in Wheatland. Buchanans presidency was characterized by the states rights and slavery issues, which tore our country apart. Following the election of Abraham Lincoln, and by the time Buchanan left office, six states had seceded from the union. When seven of the fifteen stated seceded from the union, in 1860-1861, Buchanan did not force them to stay in the union. He felt that violence would only make more states leave. His policy delayed the Civil War until aft(prenominal) Abraham Lincoln took office. So, therefore, Buchanan actually was presid ent during the very beginnings of the Civil War. Being a minister to Great Britain, the Whig party regained the presidency in 1849, and Buchanan retired to Wheatland. He ran for the elective presidential nomination. Franklin Pierce won the nomination and the election though. He appointed Buchanan minister to Great Britain. In London, Buchanan tried for two years to modify the Clayton-Bulwer accordance of 1850. This treaty provided that neither nation should occupy territory in Central America.

James Buchanan :: essays research papers

James BuchananOn April 23, 1791, a great man was born fifteenth chair of the United States, James Buchanan.He was born near Mercersburg, Pennsylvania. His father, James Buchanan, and his mother Elizabeth Speer Buchanan, raised their son a Presbyterian. He grew up in a well to do home, being the eldest of eleven other siblings. His parents cared for them all in their mansion in Pennsylvania. They sent him to Dickinson College. Buchanan graduated in 1809, was admitted to the bar in 1812, and then move to Lancaster to set up his law practice. His political career was initiated in 1814 with his election to the Pennsylvania House of Representatives in 1821 he began his first five elective name in the House of Representatives. President Andrew Jackson appointed James Minister to Russia, upon his return in 1834. Buchanan was in the service of the United States Senate for a decade, and then became a secretary under James K. Polk, and as President Pierce s minister to Great Britain. Durin g this Foreign Service, Buchanans name was mentioned as the Democratic ships companys for the 1856 Presidential Election. Buchanan had strived for this election in the three previous elections it had seemed to pass over him. But by 1856, Buchanan was ready to retire from public service and save accepted the nomination out of duty and obligation. Buchanan didnt actively campaign for the presidency, but instead remained quietly at home in Wheatland. Buchanans presidency was characterized by the states rights and slavery issues, which tore our country apart. Following the election of Abraham Lincoln, and by the time Buchanan left office, six states had seceded from the union. When seven of the fifteen state seceded from the union, in 1860-1861, Buchanan did not force them to stay in the union. He felt that violence would only make more states leave. His policy delayed the Civil war until after Abraham Lincoln took office. So, therefore, Buchanan actually was president during the v ery beginnings of the Civil War. Being a minister to Great Britain, the Whig party regained the presidency in 1849, and Buchanan retired to Wheatland. He ran for the democratic presidential nomination. Franklin Pierce won the nomination and the election though. He appointed Buchanan minister to Great Britain. In London, Buchanan tried for two years to substitute the Clayton-Bulwer treaty of 1850. This treaty provided that neither nation should occupy territory in Central America.

Research Spotlight on Homework Essay

Some researchers are urging grooms to take a fresh look at planning and its potential for engaging students and improving student performance. The key, they say, is to take into account grade-specific and developmental factors when determining the amount and kind of provision. So, whats appropriate? What benefits burn down be expected? What makes for good homework policies? enquiry doesnt cave in all the answers, but a review of some existing data yields some helpful observations and guidance.How Much Homework Do Students Do?Survey data and anecdotal point show that some students spend hours nightly doing homework. Homework overload is the exception rather than the norm however, according to research from the Brookings Institution and the Rand Corporation (see the Br stimulate Center 2003 below). Their researchers analyzed data from a variety of sources and concluded that the majority of U.S. students spend less than an hour a daytime on homework, regardless of grade level, and this has held true for most of the past 50 years. In the last 20 years, homework has increased only in the pull down grade levels, and this increase is associated with neutral (and sometimes negative) effects on student acquirement.How Much Is Appropriate?The National PTA recommendations fall in line with general guidelines suggested by researcher Harris Cooper 10-20 minutes per night in the first grade, and an additional 10 minutes per grade level thereafter (e.g., 20 minutes for chip grade, 120 minutes for twelfth). High school students may sometimes do more, depending on what classes they take (see Review of educational Research, 2006).What are the benefits?Homework usually waterfall into one of three categories pattern, preparation, or extension. The purpose usually varies by grade. Individualized assignments that tap into students existing skills or interests can be motivating. At the elementary school level, homework can help students develop study skills and habits a nd can keep families informed ab appear their childs knowledge. At the secondary school level, student homework is associated with greater academic achievement. (Review of Educational Research, 2006)Whats good policy?Experts advise schools or districts to include teachers, parents, and students in all effort to set homework policies. Policies should address the purposes of homework amount and frequency school and teacher responsibilities student responsibilities and, the role of parents or others who assist students with homework. Reference Cooper, H. (2003). A synthesis of research. Review of Educational Reseach, volume 76, Retrieved January 09, 2013, from http//www.nea.org/tools/16938.htm Reasons why students should not have homeworkHomework is supposed to ensure that all students retain the material covered in the classroom, but for legion(predicate) children it is an unnecessary chore and actually hinders their learning. Children learn best when they are interested in the sub ject. Positive mental attitude makes learning even challenging things very much easier. Negative mental attitude, however, makes retaining knowledge harder and creates judge in a learner. It besides takes much longer periods of time to complete. As a result children hardly have any time to develop their talents through extracurricular activities, or to spend adequate time with family and friends. Instead of being burdened with much resented huge tons of homework, children should have the opportunity for more self-directed and interactive learning at school to generate their interest and build in them positive attitude towards learning.Teachers should be more creative and use multimedia akin computers and video presentations to make covered subjects more engaging involving childrens input more. Students should be allowed to suggest activities and projects they would like to do. In the present school system it is usually the teacher who decides what and how children should learn in class and at home. This promotes passivity and a sense that learning is a necessary evil rather than exiting opportunity to learn about the world we live in. This is very ineffective, making kids bored, stressed, and frustrated. Not to mention that it is often parents who do the loth kids homework therefore homework doesnt help them to learn at all. They get their grades, but end up having learning gaps that will come out later on and hinder their success.Children who are struggling themselves with loads of homework lack the time to develop other than academic passions and experience very unhealty stress that cen result even in a slump. The numbers of children who take antidepressants is rapidly growing. Students who are defiant about their homework often have very drive relationship with their parents. It is a source of contention in too many families and contributes to deep emotional problems in these children and also inevitably may cause depression and substance abuse.The age of kids taking street drugs is getting lower and lower. Children as young as ten in some countries have a imbibing problem and homework overload can be an indirect cause of that. That is why I think students should not have homework, but be able to have enjoyable learning experience at school and freedom to be encouraged by the teacher to expand their knowledge on their own terms at home, and to be rewarded for the extra effort instead of being forced to do homework they dont like.ReferenceTehrani, E. (2009). Reasons why students should not have homework. Retrieved January 09, 2013, from http//www.helium.com/items/1309973-why-students-shoul-not-have-homework The Truth About HomeworkIn high school, some studies do find a correlation between homework and test gain ground (or grades), but its usually fairly small, and it has a tendency to disappear when more sophisticated statistical controls are applied. Moreover, theres no evidence that higher achievement is due to the homewor k even when an association does appear. It isnt hard to think of other explanations for why successful students might be in classrooms where more homework is assignedor why they might spend more time on it than their peers do.The results of national and international exams raise further doubts. maven of many examples is an analysis of 1994 and 1999 Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study, or TIMSS, data from 50 countries. Researchers David P. Baker and Gerald K. LeTendre were scarcely able to conceal their surprise when they published their results last year Not only did we fail to find any positive relationships, they wrote, but the overall correlations between national average student achievement and national averages in amount of homework assigned are all negative.Consider the assumption that homework should be beneficial just because it gives students more time to master a topic or skill. (Plenty of pundits rely on this premise when they call for extending the sc hool day or year. Indeed, homework can be seen as a behavior of prolonging the school day on the cheap.) Unfortunately, this reasoning turns out to be woefully simplistic. Back when experimental psychologists mainly studied words and nonsense syllables, it was thought that learning inevitably depended upon time, the reading researcher Richard C.Anderson and his colleagues explain. But subsequent research suggests that this belief is false. The statement People need time to learn things is true, of course, but it doesnt come apart us much of practical value. On the other hand, the assertion More time usually leads to better learning is considerably more interesting. Its also demonstrably untrue, however, because there are enough cases where more time doesnt lead to better learning.In fact, more hours are least likely to scram better outcomes when understanding or creativity is involved. Anderson and his associates found that when children are taught to read by focusing on the mea ning of the text (rather than primarily on phonetic skills), their learning does not depend on amount of instructional time. In math, too, as another group of researchers discovered, time on task is directly correlative to achievement only if both the activity and the outcome measure are focused on rote recall as opposed to problem-solving.Carole Ames of Michigan state of matter University points out that it isnt quantitative changes in behaviorsuch as requiring students to spend more hours in front of books or worksheetsthat help children learn better. Rather, its qualitative changes in the ways students view themselves in relation to the task, engage in the process of learning, and then respond to the learning activities and situation. In turn, these attitudes and responses emerge from the way teachers think about learning and, as a result, how they organize their classrooms. Assigning homework is unlikely to have a positive effect on any of these variables. We might say that ed ucation is less about how much the teacher covers than about what students can be helped to discoverand more time wont help to bring about that shift.Regardless of ones criteria, there is no reason to think that most students would be at any variety of disadvantage if homework were sharply reduced or even eliminated. But even if practice is sometimes useful, were not entitled to conclude that homework of this type works for most students. It isnt of any use for those who dont understand what theyre doing. Such homework makes them feel stupid gets them wonted(a) to doing things the wrong way (because whats really reinforced are mistaken assumptions) and teaches them to conceal what they dont know. At the like time, other students in the same class already have the skill down cold, so further practice for them is a waste of time.Youve got some kids, then, who dont need the practice, and others who cant use it. Furthermore, even if practice were helpful for most students, that would nt mean they needed to do it at home. In my research, I found a number of superb teachers (at different grade levels and with diverse instructional styles) who rarely, if ever, found it necessary to assign homework. Some not only didnt feel a need to make students read, write, or do math at home they preferred to have students do these things during class, where it was possible to observe, guide, and discuss. Finally, any theoretical benefit of practice homework must be weighed against the effect it has on students interest in learning.If slogging through worksheets dampens ones desire to read or think, surely that wouldnt be worth an incremental improvement in skills. And when an activity feels like drudgery, the quality of learning tends to suffer, too. That so many children regard homework as something to give the sack as quickly as possibleor even as a significant source of stresshelps explain why it appears not to claim any academic advantage even for those who obediently sit down and complete the tasks theyve been assigned. All that research showing little value to homework may not be so surprising after all.ReferenceKohn, A. (2006). The truth about homework. Retrieved January 09, 2013, fromhttp//www.edweek.org/ew/articles/2006/09/06/02kohn.h26.html?tkn=RVRFTkNGGXy32nbQpdGsSFt01V8aHU5cZ3wG

Importunate Persuasions: Anxiety of Authorship and the Female Fight for Self-Sovereignty

In Marg art Cavendishs essay The Blazing World she creates a beingness of her let where she rules as a sovereign and is afforded a power that would non otherwise be possible for her if any should like the introduction I drop made and be willing to be my subjects, they may imagine themselves such, and they are such, I mean in their minds precisely if they cannot endure to be subjects, they may create terra firmas of their sustain and govern themselves as they please (1785).In this passage, Margaret Cavendish exposes her declare idiosyncratic doctrine concerning her position in society as a woman, fe priapic author and a member of a court that was ostracized. By prolifically writing some herself, she attempts to recital her right to a voice and uses it as an instrument of power and resistance in an oppressed and power slight situation. However, her language bears traces of an internalization of the oppressive affable brotherly structure and an anxiety of authorship1 that prevents her from successfully establishing herself as autonomous.In this essay, I will attempt to demonstrate how Margaret Cavendish, through her poetry and prose, endeavors to achieve self-sovereignty through singularity but fails due to reverence of social alienation from not just the patriarchal hegemony but also from the women of her era that perpetuated it. In The Poetesss Hasty Re resultant, Margaret Cavendish establishes herself as not only a poet but a gifted one at that. Reading my verses, I liked them so well/Self-love did make my judgment to rebel/ opinion them so good, I thought more to write (1-3).Here, Margaret introduces her desire for self-sovereignty and her initial willingness to exercise it through the vocation of writing. She writes of a self-love initiated by the sound of her own voice and empowers her to fight against the emplacement quo, to rebel. She decides to go ab turn up her rebellion through writing and putting forth the female voice. However, she co mpromises her own self-adulation with the criticism that she receives. She recognizes and notes that others appose her voicing her opinion Considering not how others would them like (4).By interjecting this criticism in with her self-congratulatory treatise, she refutes them with an impervious tone in her language, as if she intended to rebel and dismiss the readers response to her style. Conversely, she also acknowledges them, within the first four lines of her poem, which alludes to a deep concern. This indicates a woman who cares deeply for what others think. This concern could be due to her position in society. Being the wife of a Duke and lady to an ostracized faerie, it was well within her interest to be aware of her social milieu.Moreover, the aristocracy was used to people caring about what they thought and effecting how others acted and spoke, in other words, exercising their hegemony. While she is amongst this power structure, she pushes the limits of her position and acc eptance by speaking out and seeks to establish agency, which was not readily afforded to women in the seventeenth century. Even though Margaret Cavendishs rank was high enough to enjoy an element of immunity, she expresses concern over the fragility of her position.In A True notification of My Birth, Breeding and Life Margaret appreciates how the breadth of her status is afforded to her through marriage, second wife to the Lord Marquis of Newcastle, for my lord having had two wives, I might easily have been mistaken, especially if I should die and my lord marry again (1780). Her language seems humble yet uncertain. One could postulate that this uncertainty is due to her position being conditional of a male counterpart. In her texts, she relies heavily upon a male for information and education.In A True Relation she diminishes her own ability I had a natural stupidity (1779) and relays how she would be dependent upon a male member of her household to explain matters to her and when I read what I understood not, I would strike my brother he being learned, the sense of meaning thereof (ibid). Quickly following this passage, she resorts to gender performance1 my serious study could not be much, by land I took great delight in attiring, fine dressing and fashions (ibid). By positing herself within a socially accepted arena for women, she at once becomes less turnedensive to her female readership.However, she shows her anxiety of authorship that Sarah Gilbert and Susan Gubar fixate as a female authors anxiety of being judged by male readers, critics, etc. thus they will compromise their own voice in an attempt to placate the male gaze2 and save themselves from alienation Her battle, however, is not against her (male) precursors reading of the world but against his reading of her. In order to define herself as an author she must redefine the terms of her socialization, (Gilbert and Gubar, 2027).Gilbert and Gubars solution for this is a female author must repla ce the male precursor or influence with a female, at once helping to her to identify with her own sex and giving her an alliance in which to fight patriarchal control. However, if women themselves perpetuate male hegemony, this can tell difficult. In The Blazing World, Margaret creates a new world in order to experience and exercise the ambition and power that she desired. This new world becomes a metaphor for the real world with which she parallels it.In this new world, it is finally unassailable for her to tackle male hegemony head on and she attempts to do this with analogies of what men become. In her customized world, men take on animal characteristics. Some examples are worm-menfox-menant-menape-men (1781) most of which could be considered derogatory and most certainly diminutive. By othering the male species and do them sub-human, Margaret can successfully exercise control in her realm. She also employs this tactic in The hunt of the Hare in which Wat, a male, is a hare b eing hunted and assuming a secondary and fragile position. However her anxiety of authorship recurs.After designate animal counterparts for the male species in The Blazing World, she quickly reiterates that she indeed receives power from the emperor. The empress and the Duchess, both as Margaret in a fragmented state, are informed and better by priests and statesmen, both male, of the affairs of the government and the church. These figures, which could arguably also represent elements of Margarets own psyche particularly the internalized male gaze, attempt to justify their exception of women from places of worship and matters of the state as they are importunate persuasions or threatening figures of change (1782).Furthermore, when she herself describes the power one could exercise in their own world, she does so by using masculine pronouns he may create a world of what fashion and government he willas he pleasesas he thinks bestalso he may alter that world (1784). Thus, Margaret once again crumbles under the pressure of anxiety of authorship due to fear of social backlash. In a previously quoted passage, Margaret Cavendish uses reason as the justification for her self-diminution my serious study could not be much, by reason I took great delight in attiring, fine dressing and fashions (1779).OED defines reason as A statement of some fact (real or alleged) employed as an argument to justify or condemn some act, prove or disprove some assertion, idea, or belief . However, her usage of the word reason evolves. Reason later becomes the conduit for her creation of the world in which she can rule as a sovereign, as Margaret the First This is the reason, why I added thisto my philosophical observations (1781). Her language when referring to herself in The Blazing World is supercilious I shall account myself as a happy creatoress (1780) authoress of a whole world (1784), etc.Although initially she claims to merely be a scribe to the empress of this imaginary world, there is evidence that Cavendish actually sees herself as the empress. In the first paragraph she sees two worlds, the world in which she exists as Margaret Cavendish and the Blazing World, as antipodes of each other, thus making them parallel and joined them as two worlds at the ends of their poles (1780). She goes on to describe the world of her creation it is a description of a new worlda world of my own creating, which I call the Blazing World (ibid).As she posits herself in an ultimate position of power as creatoress and authoress (idem) she herself is sovereign, thus the empress could easily be taken as her. This is further evidenced within the romantic beginning of the story. The empress is heralded as a goddess and the object of the emperors affection, paralleling the empresss story with that of her own receipt of power and title through marriage. By aligning herself with a female figure of power, she at once establishes a female precursor but also empowers herself in figh ting the alienation of hegemonic criticism.The metaphor of this alignment is interesting. One would figure that she had a very powerful female precursor in Queen Henrietta Maria however the Queens power was jeopardized by Charles execution and her banishment. Also, this particular alignment had proved precarious as it caused the loss of her and her husbands estate (albeit temporarily). Thus, it was necessary for Margaret to create a new female figure of authority with which she could associate herself. Her internal conflict of desperately wanting to speak out but being checked by fear of societal repercussions is exercised in interesting ways.Margaret is aware of the perpetuation of the male hegemony through women and illustrates her frustrations through her texts. Women would most likely make up Margarets ideal readership however one can surmise that they have also been the source of a great deal of her criticism. In The Poetesss Hasty Resolution, Margaret signifies the she as the source of her criticism Will you, said she, thus waste your time in vain On that which in the world small praise shall gain? For shame, leave off, said she, the printer spare Hell lose by your ill poetry, I fear.Besides the world hath already such a weight Of useless books, as it is overfraught. Then pity take, do the world a good turn, And all you write cast in the burn off and burn. (9-16) In this incendiary passage, Margaret exposes many elements of oppression perpetuated by women upon women. The idealized female precursor and intended source of support, demeans Cavendishs art and directly exercises male hegemonic social pressures upon her. First, they attempt to induce fear in her of womens destructive capability upon their husbands if they do not adhere to gendered social norms.Second, these critics try to instill her with an anxiety of influence4 by purporting that there are enough things to read in the world and she is not worthy of authorship. Finally, the female critic en treats her to immediately quit her education and stifle her ambitions, as knowledge and ambition are not becoming of a lady. However, Margaret reifies her own anxiety and realizes the danger of this importunate persuasion (ibid) and persists Then all in upsurge I to the press it sent/Fearing persuasion might my book prevent (19-20). The betrayal by her own sex does little to incite camaraderie in Margaret.To empower herself against an oppressive but generative hegemonic control that is elicited upon her by other women, she attempts to distinguish herself through singularity. I would dislike if any should follow my fashions, for I always took delight in a singularity (1779). Thus, one may understand why Margaret would desire to set herself apart from her sex, as they did not prove to be an agreeable group with which to identify. However, to be alienated and excluded was a dire circumstance for a woman in seventeenth century Britain.She had already experienced banishment and understo od how stringent the repercussions proved for stepping outside the societal ideal. Thus, if Margaret Cavendish could achieve renown and be considered excellent, she could achieve social currency. This accreditation would be what she would need to stave off the scorn of the more strict members of society. She achieved the respect of some accomplished members of society, mainly men, and cunningly realized that the best place with which to exercise her reason was through her status in society.The complex and uncomfortable dynamic of desiring to remain in a position of influence and imperatively needing to utilize her own voice regardless of the glum hegemonic resistance against it is a brave endeavor but a futile one. In order to remain amongst a group, one must adhere to its rules and be amenable to its policies. Although, Margaret Cavendish couldnt fully achieve self sovereignty in her own time, she provided future female writers with a precursor to the feminist writers what would s ucceed her. through her struggle she gives other authoresses the support she herself would have appreciated.Although, she herself never achieved self sovereignty through singularity, she proved to be more than just a great aper (1779). Works Cited Butler, Judith. Gender Trouble Leitch 2488-2501. Gilber, Sandra M. and Susan Gubar The Madwoman in the Attic The Woman Writer and the Nineteenth-Century Literary Imagination. Leitch 2023-2035. Greenblatt, Stephen, ed. The Norton Anthology of English Literature. Vol. 1. 8th ed. New York, NY W. W. Norton and Company, 2006. 1773-1784. Leitch, Vincent, ed. The Norton Anthology of Theory and Criticism. New York, NY W. W. Norton and Company, 2001. Footnotes 1.Gender performance is a possibility derived by Judith Butler which states that the everyday actions of women and men are a performance of societal expectations and gendered norms and further more that this performance perpetuates the social constructs places upon us that define what it m eans to be male or female, man or woman, i. e. men refusing to cry, women wearing high heels etc. 2. The male gaze is a poststructuralist feminist theory stemming from Michel Foucaults utilization of the panopticon in surveillance society. This theory places male hegemony in the position of the panopticon and women self correct under its gaze.

Junk foods and healthy foods Essay

Junk intellectual nourishment contains very high fat and sugar. . Also junk regimen has preservatives, chemicals, artificial colours and flavours. But wellnessy pabulum is not containing these substances.However, both junk food and healthy food are delicious but junk food has more delicious than healthy food. The outlay is compatible with the pocket money for most of the kids and the teenagers who frequent the joints and it also is a great buy to makeup for the shortage of time. It is often quicker to eat or prepare than healthy food.HEALTHY FOOD But healthy food is rich with nutritional value. junk food has affected the bodys health and causes dangerous diseases, such as obesity, diabetes, high blood pressure and sometimes poisoning. On the other hand, healthy food preserves and protects a body from diseases.Junk food is an unhealthy food, food with poor nutritional value Junk food provide be found in fast foods, frozen foods and other foods which turn in chemical contents. I n contrast, healthy food is fruits, vegetable, meat, nuts, seafood and dairy food.Also junk food contains less or sometimes no proteins, vitamins and fibre. But healthy food contains high proteins, vitamins and fibre. Junk food tastes good, but it contains copious amounts of sugar, salt and unhealthy fats, the ingredients that often cause obesity, illness and diseases. Having too much sugar, whether in drinks or food, can lead to your teeth rotting and falling out. Fruit and vegetables have a high vitamin, mineral and fiber content these nutrients are vital for your body to act upon well. Several studies have proven that a good intake of fruit and vegetables may protect from developing heart disease, diabetes type 2, and cancer

Diana – Cover Up or Accident?

Example of a Persuasive Speech Diana Diana Cover up or Accident? There argon m each faction theories surrounding the death of the belove Princess Diana. I would firstly like to rate that these be not my opinions just now facts and quotations that I create found in books or on the Internet. Since the Princess death in 1997, there was immediate pressure from the public towards the Royal family, and towards MI6. picpicpicpicpicpicThe first conspiracy theory is that the death was faked.The story goes that fed up with the constant intrusion into her private life by the media, Diana, aided by the resources of lover Dodi, staged a spectacular death, in a hope that she could retreat to a life of privacy. A plan that went horribly wrong, leading to her death. But would this idea be doable? My witness No. Diana was famous all over the world. In this day and age it would not have been possible to avoid the press Diana and Dodi would have cognize this all too well. Also, she loved her sons. In this plan she would have had to leave them. To me this theory is not what happenedThe second conspiracy theory is that of the evidence sensation that stands fall out in particular for me. A) Bodyguard Trevor Rees-J whizs still lives, but testimony from Mercedes auto experts says that it would have been al almost impossible for anyone to have survived a crash in the cut into in a car going at 121 mph. Maybe, as driver Henri Pauls lawyers claim, the car was not going that fast. Maybe the crash was faked by the army-trained Rees-Jones who had previously deposited Diana and Dodi elsewhere. My view Highly unlikely. If the bodyguard was to set up the accident, why be in the car at all?If he had set up the accident I am sure he would have set up an excuse/alibi to not be in the vehicle. And as is commonly known now, he was the only one wearing a seatbelt the fact that this saved his life seems most likely to me. B) Dodis usual driver was not used. Mystery still surrounds Hen ri Paul, the shelter officer, who stepped in at the survive minute to drive the Mercedes S-280. It took a full two days for his name to be revealed, for instance. Co-workers at the Ritz Hotel say he unbroken himself to himself and never socialised with them.One version of this conspiracy has it that Paul simply did not exist, an other(a) that he was quickly whisked away from the hospital after beingness decl bed dead by doctors in cahoots with the Al Fayed family. My view We know for a fact that the drivers were changed, but there is no solid evidence to say why. Also, surely the Al Fayed family had more than one driver. If I was them I would want to know the person driving me in my car. Wouldnt you? Now finally from the evidence C) full six hours before she died Diana let slip to Daily Mail reporter Richard Kray that she was about to withdraw completely from public life.My view A funny one but is the reporter just looking for a cheap story or has he got the proof? The truth i s still unknown. The final conspiracy is the most popularly believed. That the British MI6 killed her. Some say that she was the target some say that it was Dodi. Heres the evidence Rogue elements in the British Secret Service decide that Diana is a threat to the throne, and therefore the stability of the state. They take her out. As for Dodi, business enemies of Dodi and his father Mohammed Al Fayed assassinate Dodi, with the death of Diana a magnificent cover for their peration. My views are hardly that, and you should make up your own minds. But there is a mountain of evidence to say that The Lady Dianas death was no accident. Either way, the people of Britain have demanded answers for ten years now after coming close, then having all the evidence stolen Will we ever find out? My final view on this is, that as long as the people responsible dont want us to, then no, we will never find out the truth. Getting Civil I am against the giving medication sanctioning same-sex marriage s. Am I intolerant? Am I homophobic?Am I part of a fundamentalist spiritual sect of some sort? What if I tell you that I am against the regime sanctioning marriages between a man and a woman as well? Am I against marriage? Am I an anarchist? Am I insane? Actually, I believe I have the sanest answer to the whole marriage debate and I dont hear anyone talking about it. My solution is to leave marriage where it belongs in religious and private institutions. What business is it of the government to sanction relationships between consenting adults? Why is it up to the government to define what a marriage is?Why should the government be involved in promoting or discouraging particular types of relationships? We are a free country so why is it up to the government to tell us how we, the citizens, can define our relationships and which ones are acceptable in their eyes and which ones are not? My contention is that unless relationships chosen by consenting adults of their own free will e ndanger other individuals, the government has no business sanctioning them or forbiding them. Am I saying that the government has no role in personal relationships?Well, not exactly. Legal arrangements are necessary for the purpose of expeditiously dividing property and providing for custody of any children resulting from a relationship if the relationship ends. Through legal arrangements, the rights of all involved can be protect. Thats why I believe that all legal partnerships between two people who have committed to each other should all be obliging marrows in the eyes of the government. Whether these relationships are called marriages or not is up to religious institutions and the individuals themselves. picpicpicI have a admirer who is a lesbian. The woman she loves is Dutch and they got married last summer in Holland where it is legal. I saw the pictures. They were happy, joyful. Their families and friends attended the ceremony and support them in their commitment to each other. They have a house together. They have jobs and give way taxes. They participate in civic activities. They are enjoying life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness. But what if their families did not support their choice and their commitment to each other?If something were to happen to one of them, either a life threatening illness or even death, by law, the family could prevent the partner from being involved in making decisions for her loved ones care or even the arrangements for a funeral. Unless prior arrangements were made, the benefits of being a legal couple would not apply to these two committed partners who make either bit as much of a contribution to society as any heterosexual married couple does. I have a friend who has two children with her partner.If their partnership were to dissolve, it is possible that the woman who actually gave birth to the children could bar the other woman, the woman that the children have always known as their mother from having any con tact with them. The non-birth mother would have no rights. Are the childrens rights protected here? Some people argue that allowing same-sex couples to have civil unions would result in an excessive financial burden on society, primarily because of the benefits that currently apply to married couples that would now have to be extended to same-sex couples.So are we trying to prevent people from having equal rights to save a few bucks? To me, thats like saying we should not have allowed women the vote because it would increase the cost of elections. Some people are concerned that allowing same-sex couples the legal rights of a civil union would require religious institutions to marry them. There would be no such requirements. Churches and other religious institutions would be free to exercise their beliefs and traditions as they have always been.Two people who love each other should be able to commit to each other and be protected by law in the relationship and in the case that the r elationship ends. Any children who are the result of the relationship should have their rights protected as well. In my opinion, all people who want to have legal recognition of their committed status should have the option of a civil union and that all people joined in a civil union should have equal rights regardless of their gender. Whether a name is given to that union beyond the legal one should be up to religious institutions and the individuals themselves, not the government.

Company Analysis Johnson And Johnson Essay

Internationalization OverviewIt was the joint efforts of three brothers, Robert Wood Johnson, Edward Wood Johnson and Edward Mead Johnson that lead to the inception of Johnson & Johnson in 1886 at New Brunswick, New Jersey. Even forthwith the caller-up strongly succeeds the Credo, which was formu later(a)d by its fo under(a) Robert Wood Johnson as philosophy that guides their business. It is a multinational firm established in 60 countries with everywhere 275 companies over the world and is brinyly diversified in three different fields namely Consumer Healthc be, Medical Devices & Diagnostics and Pharmaceuticals. Johnson & Johnson has an asset of $131.19 billion. (jnj.com) With every(prenominal) the companies that it adjourn ins, it comprises as the largest and the roughly diverse medical devices and Diagnostics Company, the sixth largest consumer health company, sixth largest pharmaceuticals company, and the sixth largest biologics company.The company has been driven by ren ewal from their inception. One of their stolon products was a first aid kit for treating small injuries, which could be used by any genius. The use of child c be products was introduced by them in 1894, which is highly successful till date. It was in the year 1924 that Johnson & Johnson started their internationalization, expanding their operations to the United Kingdom. This was extremely successful expansion and it added a great boost to the companys growth. This carved a path for throw out expansion internationally into British colonies like South Africa in 1930 and Australia in 1931 and neighbouring country of Mexico in 1930.With the Robert Wood Johnson II taking the leadership of the company he changed the companys Global strategy and made the company as a decentralized family of companies. Their operations were further expanded into Argentina and Brazil in 1937 flowed by the formation of Ortho Research Laboratories Inc. and Ethicon Inc. in New Jersey.In 1957 they established their operations in India, the first expansion into Asia. In the 1959 there were more acquisitions by the company, McNeil Laboratories in Fort Washington, United States, Cilag AG in Switzerland followed by acquisition of Janssen Pharmaceutica in 1961, it was considered one of the most innovative firm then. (jnj.com) In the late 70s and 80s Johnson & Johnson enters into new health c are markets such as diabetes management, vision care and mechanical closure of wounds. This created the possibilities for more expansion, and they entered into China and Egypt. The late 90s was followed by a series of acquisitions some of them were Centocor, Cordis Corporation, Kodaks Clinical Diagnostics and Neutrogena Corporation. The expansion into Eastern European market and Russia was a study move.In 2002 they acquired Tibotec-Virco, a firm which cooperates patients with non curable diseases such as Tuberculosis and AIDS. A major acquisition was Pfizer Consumer healthcare in 2006. The main(pre nominal) goal for them was to follow their Credo, which has been immensely successful. The internationalization strategy was to adapt to changing global markets and basically decentralize their operations. This was what mate them Strengthen their Global Presence. Most of their international expansion was through large acquisitions of established firms. Their steady growth shows how they have captured markets all over the world. They use mainly use adaptation strategy, hence they are focused on the particular target market and have different method actings of operations indifferent markets.Network AnalysisWith over 275 companies under one roof Johnson & Johnson assembly of companies is one of the largest in the world. The Data sets provided gives us a clear idea of how the intercommunicate is machine-accessible from the bring up to its subsidiaries. The main objective is to identify how the main subsidiaries are connected to the parent.(Fig. 1) SubsidiariesThe above plan depic ts the layout of how the main subsidiaries of Johnson & Johnson are connected. Generally nodes with higher centrality measures screw non be considered as main subsidiary, hence a series of summary is done on the identified subsidiaries using network analysis techniques.The main subsidiaries of Johnson & Johnson are different in all(prenominal) scope of their diversified areas. The Consumer Health Segment is under Johnson & Johnson brand name and they are established in more than 60 countries and are having individual ties with each country and they have their have got presence by themselves without any strategic tie ups. However, the administration and finance department seem to have many ties with subgroups within the organization as well as external sources.The Pharmaceutical segment is to a fault one of the largest networks, with Janssen Pharmaceutica which is their main subsidiary. As a main subsidiary, they operate with a number of companies under this banner. Cilag which is also a large-minded company is under the Janssen Pharmaceuticals. Crucell which is a firm developing vaccine is also under the Janssen group. Galapagos which is a joint venture between Crucell and Tibotec deals with the research and development in pharmaceutical industry and is a major contributor to the innovations achieved by Janssen Pharmaceutical.The Medical Devices & Diagnostics segment is the largest and the most diversesegment in the world. Johnson & Johnson have one of the biggest companies in terms or Research and development under this segment. Some of their subsidiaries are Animas Corporation, Cordis Corporation, Depuy Synthes companies of Johnson & Johnson, Ethicon, Ethicon Endo Surgery, Janssen Diagnostics, Johnson & Johnson Vision Care, mentor and Ortho-Clinical Diagnostics. Most of these are directly connected to the parent firm, but they also seem to have feeble ties within themselves.The comparison of different centrality measures such as Degree, Betweenness, Ei genvector, Closeness and other analysis such as Density, K-cores, Structural Holes, and subgroup division Algorithms like Girvan-Newman, Fractions will help us identify how the parent subsidiary network is formed.DensityThe complete network Density or the Average Matrix Value is 0.003 for the given data set. The Standard Deviation of the Density is 0.058 and the average weighted degree is 1.278Centrality MeasuresDegree(Fig. 2) Degree CentralityThe above figure shows the degree of each node with heed to its size, the highest degree is Johnson & Johnson with 119 ties, followed by Indaver with 30 ties Indaver BV with 18ties, Cilag Holdings AG with 17 ties, Johnson & Johnson management limited with 16 ties, Johnson & Johnson International Finance with 15, Synthes Holdings AG with 14 and Crucell N.V. with 12. Indaver has higher degrees than the subsidiary of Johnson & Johnson, though it is not its subsidiary. Janssen pharmaceutical is one of the trade holder with Indaver, which provide s them with waste management solutions, they have helped them to cut CO2 emission by 270 tonnes annually (Indaver Sustainability Report, 2013).The main subsidiaries of Johnson & Johnson havealso higher degree centrality. The labelled nodes were identified to have the higher degree.Eigen vector(Fig 3) Eigenvector CentralityEigen vector centrality is measured with respect to the connectivity of nodes with higher degrees. This is effective in helping to identify firms with more social importance or higher level firms such as management and operations level. The key observations from this centrality are that all the nodes they represent the Main subsidiaries of Johnson & Johnson, have higher eigenvector valuates, as they had connectivity to nodes with higher degrees, Cilag, Depuy Synthes, Crucell, Janssen Pahrmaceutica, Ethicon, Apsis, all of them have higher eigenvectors as they are the main subsidiaries and are connected with nodes with higher degree.Betweenness(Fig 4) BetweenessBet weeneess represents the nodes that are convoluted in linking major nodes to lesser connected nodes, thereby making a strong coordination within a network. This identifies the nodes of the network that are bridges between the stronger and the weaker connected nodes.The analysis from fig 4. implies that companies such as Adimmune Corporation, Taiwan Biotech, Indaver, Galapagos , Janssen Pahrmaceutica, Crucell , have very high betweenness and are majorly involved in coordination of work between firms.Closeness(Fig 5) ClosenessThe closeness determines how close the next node is to the main node, hencethe nodes at the periphery of the network are more closer to the next node inside the network. The nodes with lesser closeness are more harder to be reached for any communication.Fig. 5 shows the different closeness of each node. Nodes of higher degree were not really close to each subset of nodes. Nodes with higher betweenness had proportional farness, which mean they had very low closene ss. The lower closeness nodes were mostly the major subsidiaries of Johnson & Johnson.Network CohesivenessK- Core AnalysisThe K-core analysis identifies nodes of a network that are more connected to other nodes in other parts of the network. The analysis provided us with three k values 1, 2 and 3. This is helpful to identify the core network which is more important than the other nodes.(Fig 6) K-Core AnalysisIn the above figure the nodes in re have a k value of 1. These nodes are mainly in the periphery of the network and are lesser connected to the main network, the sub nodes connected to them have degree 1.(Fig 7) K-Core Analysis with k value 2These nodes in fig. 2 have a k value of 2, these are mainly the nodes which bridge the main core to the other network. The labelled nodes are the subsidiary of Johnson & Johnson which are in the sub-core.(Fig 8) K-Core Analysis with k value 3The above figure show the core network of the organization, these nodes are more connected the main n ode that the others with their connected nodes having higher degrees than others. Hence the labelled nodes are the majornodes that are involved in the functioning of the organization.The observations of the k-core analysis are that the subsidiary such as Cilag, Ethicon, OMJ pharmaceuticals, Depuy, forms the major core of the organization. The main core also consists of investor management firm, which helps the organisation fund innovations that are much needed for the growth of the company. Turnbull Investment Company plays an important role in handling investments of Johnson & Johnson.Sub group AnalysisGirvan-Newman AlgorithmThis algorithm helps in sorting out different community of structures within a network that forms a cohesive sub group. The main objective is to identify different subgroups in a large network by removing important nodes and leaving only the sub group intact. Fig. 9 distinctly shows the division of subgroups that having different colour.Indaver , Adimmune Cor poration, Prime Oil Service Corporation, Taiwan Biotech Co. Ltd., these are external companies that have ties ups or technology sharing with Johnson & Johnson.Other Subgroups that are divided up are subsidiaries of Johnson & Johnson, some of them are Janssen Pharmaceutica, Synthes Inc., Crucell N.V., Johnson & Johnson Holding Gmbh, Johnson & Johnson Financial Services Company, Johnson And Johnson Management Limited. These firms form the major subgroup in the network.(Fig 9) Girvan Newman AlgorithmFactionsThe Factions sub grouping is another method to find the subgroups within a network. Here again we are able to input the number of groups to be divided.An estimate of 38 clusters could give an idea of how many major subgroups that existed in the network. Fig 10 shows the outcome of the factions sub grouping.(Fig 10) FactionsFrom the analysis and the network datasets, the parent Network is Identifies as Johnson & Johnson, and some of the major subsidiaries are Janssen Pharmaceutica, Cilag, Depuy Synthes, Animas Corporation, Apsis, Mcneil Products, Crucell, Ethicon, Ethicon Endo surgery, Cordis Corporation, Mentor.Implications of the network structure on the innovation activityJohnson & Johnson has been a firm driven by innovation since its inception. As the outcomes of innovation influences the lives of many people Johnson & Johnson has managed to reach its products one hundred seventy-five countries. From the network structure it is evident that subsidiary firms are maintained with independent operations and the operations of the firms is decentralized. Pharmaceutical companies owned by them are independent by themselves for any innovations involved. They dont seem to have influence on the other subsidiary firms.Firms such as Apsis, Ethicon, Ethicon Endo, Depuy, Synthes, have innovation activity of their own and are developing their own products, and do not reply upon other firms which are owned by Johnson & Johnson. These firms that deal with Medical Devices and Diagnostics are particular proposition upon their product line and are bound to deliver their targets. Almost all the firms in this segment have Research and Development facilities of their own and do not rely on other investments from external sources. Many joint ventures within its network of subsidiaries have been beneficial for Johnson & Johnson, like Depuy Synthes, the collaboration between them has given birthing to subsidiaries like Depuy Spine, Depuy Mitek, Depuy Orthopaedics, and Depuy Products. This shows the strength of Johnson & Johnson as the largest and the most diverse organization in the world.The Pharmaceutical segment which is under Janssen Pharmaceutica, has some firms like, Crucell, Cilga, and McNeill. These companies carry out innovations on their own as well. But they tend to have a collaborated structure within them and they are bound to share technologies with external firms outside their network, In order to share risks and benefits. Crucell have a tec hnology sharing strategy with Adimmune Corporation. Whereas Janssen Pharmecutica are dependent on Indaver for waste management solutions. There are many benefits of collaborations and technology sharing.Johnson & Johnson is a firm with high collaborations within their firms, different companies within their firms have self sustainable resources to develop alliances with other firms, this allows them to grow to a higher potential than the paternal firm. This has been the major reason for the vast expansion of Johnson & Johnson into many markets.Scope for further improvement in InnovationAs there is no end for innovation the firms has been actively involved in various innovation programs that currently changing the trends in the world. One of the simplest innovations that changed the world was the Band-Aid. It just changed the way people have been treating wounds. The itemization of innovated products by Johnson & Johnson is vast. They are a firm which are totally depended upon innov ation.Technology sharing within the companies within the firm must be initiated within all firms to enhance the ties within partnering firms.As on date they are the Sixth largest Consumer healthcare company, Their Target must be to become the number one company in the world. Only inventing more products will help them reach their target. Setting up more Research and Development programmes in underdeveloped countries will help in opening up new ventures for the firm, as well as then targeted area.Then development of vaccines for new virus that have been identified toilet be implemented. Viruses such as HIV, Ebola, Swine Flu, and Bird Flu are on therise, Johnson & Johnson must capitalize these opportunities and innovate new vaccines for cure. Hence the pharmaceutical companies must take combined efforts to make the firm strengthen its capacity.Diabetes is believed to be increasing in the younger population, hence controlling drugs and prevention methods or early diagnostics can be in novated.Setting up Innovation center in local market will help in bringing up more innovations into the firm, as only local people will understand the need of the local market. This could help them to leapfrog their position as to become the number one Consumer Healthcare Company.ReferencesBooksBorgatti, S., Everett, M. and Johnson, J. (2013). Analyzing social networks. Los Angeles i.e. Thousand Oaks, Calif. SAGE Publications.WebsitesAdimmune.com.tw, (2015). online open at http//www.adimmune.com.tw/eng/goods.php?catId=5 Accessed 5 Mar. 2015. antwerpes + partner, w. (2015). Fields of Activity Cilag AG. online Cilag.ch. Available at http//www.cilag.ch/en/about-us/fields-of-activity/ Accessed 5 Mar. 2015. antwerpes + partner, w. (2015). History Cilag AG. online Cilag.ch. Available at http//www.cilag.ch/en/about-us/history/ Accessed 5 Mar. 2015. antwerpes + partner, w. (2015). Portrait Cilag AG. online Cilag.ch. Available at http//www.cilag.ch/en/about-us/portrait/ Accessed 5 Mar. 2 015. Cordis.com, (2015). Global Home Cordis cordis. online Available at http//www.cordis.com/ Accessed 5 Mar. 2015. Credo. (2015). online Available at http//www.jnj.com/sites/default/files/pdf/jnj_ourcredo_english_us_8.5x11_cmyk.pdf Accessed 5 Mar. 2015. Crucell.com, (2015). Crucells history. online Available at http//crucell.com/history Accessed 5 Mar. 2015.

Role of Hrm in Various Industries.Doc

HRM is a new discipline of Management, recently taking grow in Pakistan. Personnel Administration is its previous version that was mainly focused to strengthen of bureaucratic structure in the organization as comp ared to new facets of HRM that is to a greater extent than considerate to employees strategically aligned with the business, ultimately changing the ways organizations were run by. However it will take some time to be fully usable as it is still in its embryonic stage in most of the Pakistani organizations.WHY HRM IS SO IMPORTANT IN THE CURRENT BUSINESS dynamics? ?RIGHT MAN FOR RIGHT JOB HRM has marked its importance through TALENT SEARCH and TALENT DEVELOPMENT. Analyzing the conduce best 100 companies demonstrate angiotensin-converting enzyme common characteristic i. e. Strengthened HR Departments that strategize RECRUITMENT & SELECTION PROCESS through policies of TOP MANAGEMENT. Every job got a person with the required skills, companionship and traits that ensure ri ght decision at the right time. ?TRANSPARENCY HRM ensures transparency in all aspects of an organization . i. e. ecruitment and selection, performance management, reward & punishment that are the baseline of employees motivation commitment to any organization. ?TIME SAVING HRM has been identified as tool of time saving through its miscellaneous business cogitate strategies that saves time of business operations and processes by facilitating business clientele ultimately resulting in enhanced customer base and business results. ?COMPETITION HRM has encouraged aspiration in and among organizations as the existing giving tries for excelling from each other and the same way organizations promote competition. MERIT BASED CULTURE HRM has encouraged competition that requires bright people to hold the important positions to excel in the current race of cut throat competition. The traditional approaches of nepotism are no longer to sustain in the business race. ?CAPACITY BUILDING Busin ess world is changing every day. It requires new skills, knowledge and talents after every passing day. What works today, dont work tomorrow. HRM is upgrading Human Resource through continuous trainings that cater for current skills inventory as well as developing for future requirements. ?IMPROVED get going QUALITYHRM has proved helpful in improving the work quality through emphasizing provision of better working environment & conditions, focusing on employees health and counseling for employees problems that not just motivate them but also improve the quality of work. We can say that A MOTIVATED EMPLOYEE IS AN ASSET FOR system of rules WHILE A DEMOTIVATED EMPLOYEE IS A LIABILITY. ?BETTER COST / BENEFIT RESULTS A recent study published in Weekly Business Magazine, FORTUNE reveals that the top best 50 organizations with empowered HR functional Departments had better cost / benefit results than those with traditional Personnel Departments. INDUSTRIAL HARMONY HRM has proved itself through stabilize industrial peace and promoting industrial harmony throughout the industry. HRM aspect of employees consideration reduced the communication gap between employees and top management, ultimately policies are being formulated having employees say that leads to corporate culture with balanced and harmonized environment. ?EMPLOYEES MOTIVATION HRM has been identified as a support function to employees through its various incentive & awards programs for employees encouragement that leads to enhanced employees retention trends. ?PRODUCTIVITY AND PROFITABILITYHRM basic function is to search out the best available market talent in order to maximize the organization out, contributing towards its goals and objectives that ultimately leads to increased production and profits. ?TRUE PICTURE OF MANAGENT VIEW Core HR practices reflect the diadem Managements view about employees consideration. HR policies reflect how much the Management recognize their employees contributions towa rds organization goals. In todays business race, only those organizations can excel which have the best HR policies towards employees motivation, commitment and retention. OVERALL ORGANIZATIONIMAGE An organization with better HR practices is not only admired among its witness employees but also among the employees of other organizations that have relatively weaker HR practices. Employees feel pride to have an affiliation with such organization as it becomes a image of social status that is a parameter of measuring an organization market image. In short if our organizations get better Human Resource, related policies and practices, they would be enjoying more productivity and related business results and ultimately contributing more towards stabilizing the state economy.

Effects of Mass Media Worksheet Essay

What were the major developments in the maturation of the great unwashed media during the 20th century? The major developments in the evolution of mass media during the 20th century included the radio, television, and conference gadgetry, such as personal computers, blood television service TV, DVDs, DVRs, direct broadcast satellites, fax machines, cell ph anes, smartphones, and PDAs.For a large part of the 20th century, televisions and radios where stationary devices. much recently, devices such as, laptops, ipads, and smartphones allow people to view magazine articles, radio programs, songs, TV shows, and movies, from almost any stance they want. On the Internet, multiple images, texts, and sounds ar digitally reproduced and transmitted globally. These devices are constantly being update to put up consumers with the newest technologies possible. The Internet and social media, such as Facebook and e-mail are other large developments in the evolution of mass media.In fact, F acebook alone has more than 500 million users worldwide. Social media allows people from all over the world to connect through ongoing online conversations, share stories and interests, and to produce their own media centre. This also gives people the cream to upload photos and homemade videos, and share them with others around the world.The media convergence has allowed media marketers to consolidate multiple media services such as, cable connectednesss, phone services, television transmissions, and Internet access, under one corporate umbrella. For example, when a company owns more than on media outlet they can have a reporter or producer to create multiple contrastive versions of the same story for multiple media outlets. This helps companies to manage resources and maximize profits. How did each development influence American coating? The rapid development of cable television and the Internet have caused traditional leaders in communication to lose some of their control ov er information. For example, ABC, CBS, and NBC lost some of their audience to other networks, like MTV, CNN, MSNBC, pull someones leg News, Comedy Central, and radio talk shows.Internet Bloggers have cause a large factor in the news as well because blogging allows anyone to speaktheir mind at any time. The Internet and social media are changing the ways in which we absorb and interact with the media culture. Sending letters through the mail has, to some, become a thing of the past, as e-mail has become the quickest way to send communication to one person or a group of people in a matter of seconds. In addition, several(prenominal) repressive and totalitarian regimes have had difficulties with controlling messages sent through the borderless Internet.Along with these types of developments, we have also seen differences in the types of topic that is put on news shows, television shows, video games, radio shows, and the Internet.From personal problems to dangerous stunts, this type of content has consumers worried about the overwhelming amount of information now available. Research indicates that there is a connection between aggression in children and violent games and entertainment shows. According to Campbell (2012), children, who watch nearly forty gram TV commercials each year, are particularly vulnerable to marketers selling junk, food, toys, and cool clothing. The evolution of mass media has come a long way, but it plays a controversial role in society. ResourceCampbell, R., Martin, C.R., & Fabos, B (2012) Media & culture An introduction to mass communication (8th.) New York, NY Bedford/St. Martins.

Amazon.Com’s European Distribution Strategy

virago Amazon is bingle of the biggest and most famous online stores in the world. It is divided into roughly(prenominal) case-by-case organizations like Amazon Europe, Amazon US and Amazon Japan. Amazon was founded in 1995 by Jeff Bezos. At the showtime it was full a platform for selling books at soon it became the worlds biggest bookstore with up to 2,5 million different titles. Their outline was clarify and easy hold modest inventories and rely on jobbers. The wholesaler can fulfill the order quickly while Amazon employees pick and pack the order and carry it to the client.In 1996 Amazon grew re every last(predicate)y quickly by expansion of their distribution center, increasing number of titles and softw be development. In 1998 they were not longer a bookshop any more but expanded their product lines to music and videos. However, they had to face tough competition, especially in 1998. So remain the leader of theonline stores Amazon decided to act on a get big fast str ategy to increase their revenue. Therefore they added new product lines and fitting its supply chain and distribution ne rideinalrk.One big finality was excessively where they should locate their distribution center and how some they should name. Amazons pick was a distribution center in Nevada, Kansas and Dallas. Soon also three more centers were added to dish the Midwest and the Southeast. The next step was to choose which product types each of the distributions centers should carry. After that they had to make a decision regarding the equipment in the new distribution centers and the technology intentd in their warehouses.Finally, to maintain high levels of quality and productiveness in its distribution centers, Amazon developed key metrics to measure worker performance, including number of items picked per hour, ingenuous replacement rate, catalogue accuracy, number of hours from order confirmation to shipment, and represent per unit shipped. Performance information w as routinely shared with individual workers. In 2000 the new Vice President of Operations Wilke started with teaching the staff to use a special method to reduce variations and defects.This approach was later also used to improve the history record accuracy. Moreover, Wilke hired staff to stimulate holiday season conditions and he made arrangements for additional terminal capacity. On top of that Wilke also focused on inventory optimization in the fulfillment network. To take over the products at the right time available will easily decrease Amazons inventory costs. There were several ideas to improve the inventory management 1)Refine the software used to forecast customer demand )Establish buying rules to wear allocate volumes among wholesalers 3)Integrate its supply management system with its own inventory, warehouse and transportation system 4)Implement buying rules to suss out which supplier offers the best price and delivery options 5)Having drop ship orders which means t hat the product is directly shipped to the customer without going through with(predicate) an Amazon distribution center 6)Partner with other companies, with Amazon handling order fulfillment and the partner covers the costs for the inventoryThe last two signifys were just idea and never realized. Amazon entered Europe through the two countries Ger numerous and the UK. To enter those markets Amazon acquired a leading online store in each rural and the two sites were re- launched under the Amazon brand. In 2000 Amazon continued its expansion and entered France. They did not use the same strategy as in Germany and the UK, but build their site from scratch. However, on that point were several challenges to enter the European market. They had to be aware of the cultural remainders in Europe.First, Amazon adapted their website always a little bit to the necessitate of the country secondly, they necessary to address the selling regulations in each country. Another very important poi nt was the payment options. Because there were not many people in Europe using credit card they had to offer local paying possibilities. On top they recognized that it was impossible to replicate the US procural strategy in Germany and France because of different supplier market factors. To implement these strategic choices Amazon in Germany, France and the UK were managed as independent Amazon subsidiaries.Each country has its own organizations and was headed by a country manager and every country has its own warehouse. Amazon also was evaluating opportunities to expand in other European countries. Amazon Europe needed to build up its infrastructure to support this ambitious vision. In June 2002, Tom Taylor was transferred from Seattle to London to address some of these issues. In the longer term, Taylor wondered which infrastructure would best support Amazon Europes growth potential. Amazons de boil downd fulfillment model seemed to offer opportunities for rationalization and cost savings.One option was to link all distributions centers. The other option was to keep the three distribution centers. There were also different options about the inventory in these three centers. One could hold the inventory in all three centers or just in selected ones. Another question was regarding the location of the distribution centers. Solution First there was the option of except one distribution center in Europe. This strategy certainly has advantages with regard to lower overhead costs, alter internal communication, and increased bargaining power due to higher allocation volumes.Considering only the difficulties already encountered in attempting to coordinate national postal carriers for a trustworthy delivery service to international customers, the option to centralize delivery from the UK to all European markets would be a step in the wrong direction. This was a clear difference to the US market where there was only one postal service serving the undefiled nation. E xpress delivery would further complicate matters, as European markets varied with regard to provider and service, other problem not encountered in the US.Since delivery time and quality are crucial to success at Amazon, this restructuring option was quickly eliminated from the list of alternatives. The division of Europe into North/South or East/ western sectors, to be served by two Distribution Centers, would likely reduce delivery times in many markets and eliminate some of the difficulties associated with the single DC alternative. Compared to the current structure, cost savings could be achieved and activities could be bundled match to regional demands or opportunities (i. e. egal or financial flexibility). This structure would emulate the solution realized in the sign growth period in the US, where a DC was located on each coast, however there would be similar problems as noted above with the coordination of national postal carriers. Another primary difference compared to th e US market could be seen with regard to regional consumer preferences and tastes. While the US product selection was generally similar, and a common language was used throughout, product selection and language differs from country to country in Europe.Expectations with respect to delivery time, service, payment methods, etc. also vary greatly among European markets and do not compare to the credit card-friendly and on-line purchase-accustomed customers in the US. A two-DC solution may likely not be able to offer the flexibility needed to serve the individual European markets properly. Considering that the three European locations are fully-functional, another alternative would be to simply keep the existing facilities while reallocating services and processes according to cost and service factors.One obvious advantage would be recognized in not needing to relocate or build/acquire new infrastructure. Activities could be spread among the three locations, for example books, media an d smaller items in France, market military headquarters in the UK, and bulk or special order items in Germany. This would allow for specialization of services and a clear distinction of functions for management of operations in Europe. In contrast, all services could continue to be provided in all locations, with the addition of products and Marketplace activities in each of the three.Expansion into further markets may be allocated to one of the DCs according to geographic proximity or if applicable, according to financial or logisticalal aspects. Disadvantages include gemination of activities and infrastructure, increased demand for management and personnel, and the administration/coordination of multiple and varying IT systems (including the integration of manual and automated systems). Our police squad of analysts proposes a solution which integrates components from each of the aforementioned alternatives.Due to the fact that consumer preferences and expectations vary signif icantly among markets, and since delivery systems are also not consistent from country to country, each market should be served as locally as possible. This does not exclude the option of bundling some functions in specific locations in fact this should be undertaken. Marketplace activities, for instance, shall be centralized in the UK, since this activity mainly is based on and requires IT functionality.The central functions Customer benefit and Procurement also shall be allocated to the UK. With respect to the expansion of product lines, this should be done according to regional/international classification. Items which are non-country or language specific, such as CDs, electronics, hardware, etc. can be allocated and administered at a central European location in this case France may be selected. Bulk items would be the responsibility of a continental-based facility as well, preferably Germany due to its central location.Any country or language-specific items, i. e. books, inve nt apparel, home decor, etc. shall be administered in mini-DCs located within each market. This would assure the local nip required by customers, and would allow for more effective negotiations with local market suppliers. Newly added markets could first be served from the existing three, with the establishment of a mini-DC in the market as soon as the product volume, logistic opportunities and demands, as well as customer buying behaviors are sufficient to justify local investment.Without a doubt, the solution our group has provided leads to higher costs and increased complexity in a number of areas. However, the vestigial principle was to devise a way to build the brand and company image in a similar way that was successful in the US market serving the customer in a quick and simple way. At the same time, the bundling of core functions offers an opportunity to reduce costs and redundancy.

Financial institution

Bridgecorp is a fiscal creation that operates in New Zealand and in Australia (McNabb). As a financial debut it is their responsibility to make sure that the investments of their respective investors result collect scratch in a respectively manner. We all know that crises came along in every exemplify we face in our business. With regards to the concern of Bridgecorp, we know that they bugger off suffered from crises that wee-wee led to the crack up of their financial initiation.As a business sector, it is expected that in that respect will go into a time that they will be approach such problems and with this they need to sacrifice a portion of what they piss to make sure that the crises that will come along their way will not guide any more conflicts with respect to their business. Yet on the first place, it should also be common to any business that they should look forward to vi adequate problems duplicity along their way. In this manner they will take up at l east an idea to overcome such problems and to avoid further complications that these problems can bring to their business.With respect to Bridgecorp, we have been minded(p) the chance to know that they have been given a 3. 5 knocked expose(p) of 5 rating y a certain style which aims to give rating to financial institutions based upon their effectiveness as a business sector (Davies). Yet, what we did not have is the chance to know about the criteria from where the rating came. Having a rating of 3. 5 out of 5 means that Bridgecorp is a financial institution that gives a respectfully, good quality service to their clients and investors (Davies). This rating was given on February and should have an effectiveness that will last until November (Davies).But by the month of November we have know that Bridgecorp have been undergoing several operations in an attempt to save the institution to a near closure. We have know that by this time Bridgecorp has already been suffering from crise s that have led them to a feature where they should portion out their properties in order to regain something out of nothing they might have in case the institution will be closed in no time. As to the respectful influence who gave a 3. 5 out of 5 rating to Bridgecorp, they should have look further to the capability of Bridgecorp to operate in the long run.The agency should have also look at the present health of Bridgecorp as a financial institution. They should have seen if Bridgecorp keep mum have the ability to their jobs well. As we have known, Bridgecorp came up to a point where they came up diddle upon the cash flow regarding the payment for their maturing term debenture stock deposits, interest on loans and the capital notes (McNabb). From such situation these demonstrates that any financial institution who are coming up short regarding their payments have something unlawful going on behind the scene.Having investors close to 18000 individuals and an investment crea tionness estimated to be $600 million these show that there are a lot of people who entrust their money to Bridgecorp (McNabb). And according to this information, a little famine regarding the budget and livestocks of Bridgecorp will show a gigantic totality of money and if it turned out to be a net loss wherefore it only shows that Bridgecorp have lost a large amount of money. Once a financial institution have lost a great amount of money it will eventually turn out that they should have made such transactions to have return of what they have lost.They should make ways in where they can regain what they have lost. In such manner, the pedigree raising ability of the institution should double their work in an attempt to regain their lost and if possible to have a high income. But, on the blind side that we have seen after the collapse of Bridgecorp, we have known that the fund researchers of Bridgecorp have been misinterpreting their duty (Cruickshank). The fund researchers of Bridgecorp turn out to be ineffective and show that they have not performed their duties very well which is very vital to the sensitive situation that Bridgecorp have undergone (Cruickshank).As their fund researchers fail to do their job, given that their financial institution is in a situation where they are being close to disclosure, Bridgecorp had lost the chance of having a great back up in terms of their shortage in their cash flows (Cruickshank). If only their fund researchers have been able to find such ways to harbour their shortage of funds and if possible if they have been able to manage an activity where they will make headway otiose profit that could help them have an additional income then it could have been a great help to the situation of the financial institution.Also according to surveys, it runs out that most of the investors are looking forward to the interests that the financial institution is bountiful rather than the reputation that the financial instit ution has (Benett). It turned out that it doesnt matter whether the financial institution can give the investors a high rate security regarding their investments. Investors on their views at their investments to be a sure-earning investment and it should have a profit in every time that it has been handled by the financial institution (Benett).In effect to Bridgecorp it turns out that in order to have more investors then they should give higher interests upon the investments being handled to them. It could have been great if only Bridgecorp have been able to manage the investments properly. According to a source, Bridgecorp has not been able to lend the investments to separate investors in order to earn profits. This is opposite to the point of view of Bridgecorps investors. Bridgecorps investors were confident that their investments were earning profit as it was being lent to other investors.With such lack in action like this, Bridgecorp have lost another way of earning profit fro m the investments of their investors and at the same time they should still pay the interest they should give to the investments they are handling. Thus, it means that instead they should have been earning from the investments they are handling then these investments have lured them closer to disclosure. As an action to then upcoming collapse of Bridgecorp, their management had come up to the point where they have decided to carry Bridgecorps properties.In doing so, they think that they can have an income from the sell profit of the financial institution rather than losing more as they were assay to revive their financial institution. As they were trying to revive their financial institution they have found out that instead of having profits from their actions and activities reviving the institution they are on the other hand losing more as their investors are pulling out their investments from Bridgecorp go forth them less capital to revive their financial institution.At the act of selling the financial institution, Bridgecorp have been able to habituate the previous rating that they have earned from a certain company (Ryan). They have been able to persona the high rating they have earned in order to have a higher hurt offer to Bridgecorp as it was being sold. Yet, the rating is not the only factor to be considered if the management of Bridgecorp wants to sell their financial institution at a higher price. Advertisements and other factors like the reputation of the institution have played a very vital role in the essence of giving Bridgecorp a higher value (Ryan).Being the only way they have by then, Bridgecorps management have agreed that they should no longer try to revive their financial institution but it is rather an advantage for them if they will sell its properties because buy selling the properties of Bridgecorp they will still have a chance to at least earn rather than continue losing their assets as they try to find ways to revive the institu tion. In such manner, the collapse of Bridgecorp has happened. It started from the lack of focus on the duties of the management until they have realized that it was too late to revive the financial institution they once have.From the misinterpretations of duties to lack of efforts towards their duties came up the shortage to their cash flow which eventually leads to more complications and more net lost. If only they have given an immediate and proper action to then not all the same full blown crises that the institution has suffered then it would have been possible that Bridgecorp has not yet collapsed and on the other hand could have been a financial institution with a stronger foundation. . References McNabb, Denise. (2007, July 4. ). BRIDGECORP Signs of a Troubled Company The nonparasitic Financial Review, p.4. Benett, Adam. (2007, imposing 21). Do your homework, investors warned. The New Zealand Herald, NEWSTALK ZB. Davies, Anthony. (2007, July 5). Bridgecorp collapse highli ghts role of ratings vs rankings. Retrieved Sept. 3, 2007. Ryan, Peter (2007) Ratings agencies criticized after Bridgecorp collapse Cruickshank, Richard (2007, August 8). The important role of research is it being misunderstood? Retrieved Sept. 3, 2007, from Seekingmedia. com. au http//www. seekingmedia. com. au/news. php? newsid=133&PHPSESSID=5107571974ff403aafc27f779f500b64

Compare the ways ‘Old Man, Old Man’ and ‘Warning’ Deal with the theme of old age Essay

The U.A. Fanthorpe poem, over-the-hill homosexual, hoar bit and J Josephs warn, deal with the theme of old age in very distinguishing instructions. Both deal with interchangeable issues, yet come out with very different views. The first thing we see in twain poems is the immediate tone portrayed. Old Man, Old Man, starts talking of someone who lives in a valet de chambre of small recalcitrant / Things in bottles, with tacky labels, while sample begins with the colourful image that When I am an old womilitary personnel I shall wear purple / With a red hat which doesnt go, and doesnt suit me. Purple and red tend to suggest a vivid and lurid tone, and the immediate contrast between the deuce sets the character in Old Man, Old Man as being indrawn and isolated, living in his own confined world, while in Warning we see the author sounding forward to old age, seeing it a time for enjoyment of life.Old Man, Old Man continues to rationalise to the reader how old age brings dete rioration and isolation to people, talking of how small things distress and having his hands shuffling among clues, implying that old age brings more constraint and misery to a person, while we see that in Warning the coming of old age will give the author an exc single-valued function to break societys constraints, such as dressing strangely and wasting money on brandy and summer glovesand say weve no money for aloneter.A strong sense of bitterness and distress is created in Old Man, Old Man as the author describes a regimented, authoritarian past world, which has gradually worsened into a narrow, passionless one. The man is seen to be upset by small incidents, have a deteriorating sense of humour and vision, and, patronage his age, is still attempting to impose order on his world with his timetabled cig bette. The mans previous interests ar belittled by using sarcastic phrases such as Lord once of shed, garage and garden, marching us that this man used to only be able to con trol his environment, and now he has lost the hammer, he cannot even do this.The traditional view of eccentricity is portrayed in two(prenominal) poems, however, Joseph also adds an element of set downdom, showing her rebellion against taste and sobriety. Her excitement is shown in the language with the excessive use of the word and as well as the enjamberment, which stress the enthusiasm she has, and showing her to be breaking free of the rules of language in the same way she will break free from the rules of society. Further rebellion is shown as she talks of running her stick along the public railings and learn to spit. Sprawling sentences such as You can wear terrible shirts and grow more fat / And eat three pounds of sausages at a go portray her excitement, as well as anticipation. Use of words such as I, and shall give a sense of force and individuality.Both poems have a sympathetic structure, as they trip from past to bear in their tense. In Old Man, Old Man, we see a bear upon to the present as Fanthorpe writes presently television has no power to arouse / Your surliness your wife could supersede on the walls / Those picture of disinherited children. This not only suggests the man has rage pent up inside, but also poses the question as to why the children have been disinherited their fathers love. The description continues as Fanthorpe says Now you ramble / In your talkfretting / At how to find your way. We see here that the man is slipping into a loss of control, and a change of personality.In contrast to this, we see Warning describing a present of constraints while she remains in the sobriety ofyouth. Joseph describes to us the way in which Now we must have clothes that keep us dry / And pay our rent and not unchurch in the street. The word must shows a lack of freedom and constraint in present existence. This verse is designed as a contrast to the previous verse, which had concentrated on the promises of old age. A sense of restraint is portrayed as Joseph lists all the constraints she has in her life. While Old Man, Old Man had showed a deterioration from a more happy existence to a worthless one, Warning tends to show one that has begun with constraint and will end with happiness and freedom.In the utmost verses of Old Man, Old Man, we see a turning points, where the daughter (and author) intervenes, showing that he has literally and metaphorically lost his way in the world with the phrase Where is Drury Lane? In the final verse, we see a slight effectuate of the grim tone, as we can see Fanthorpe prefers her father in this softer, less threatening manner, as the two have become more equal in terms of power. This is shown with the phrase I love / Your failing and Let me find your hammer. Let me / Walk with you to Drury Lane. This marks a point in the poem where the theme is now the relationship with the daughter and father rather than just the father.In a similar way, Warning changes in its theme towards the e nd, but not for the same tone. We see in the final verse Josephs confidence wane slightly, as she says Maybe I out to practise a little nowSo people who know me are not too shocked and affect / When suddenly I am old, and start to wear purple. This provides a relatively quiet ending, closely an anticlimax, to a colourful, liberated poem, as the tone becomes more restrained and the drive of her dream starts to lose pace. disk shape is also shown as the first and last lines of the poem both talk of wearing purple.In conclusion, both poems take different views in addressing old age, and even though some elements in structure are similar, both contain inherently different views, as Old Man, Old Man is a melancholy remainder of the deterioration the old go through, while Warning shows a more bright outlook, explaining the opportunities and pouch that will follow with the coming of old age. This may be to do with the fact that in Old Man, Old Man, Fanthorpe describes what she has prev iously seen, while in Warning Joseph is merely hypothesising what life may be like in the future.